Understanding Ultrasound and Its Significance in Diagnostics

Ultrasound, also known as sonography, is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to produce images of structures within the body. Unlike X-rays, ultrasound does not involve ionising radiation, making it a safer option, especially for pregnant women and children.

How does an Ultrasound work?

An ultrasound transducer emits high-frequency sound waves into the body. These sound waves bounce off internal structures and return to the transducer. A computer processes the returning echoes to create real-time images on a monitor. These images provide valuable insights into organs, tissues, and blood flow.

Why are Ultrasounds Performed?

Ultrasound is used to:

1. Monitor fetal development during pregnancy
2. Examine abdominal organs like the liver, kidneys, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen
3. Evaluate blood flow using Doppler ultrasound
4. Guide needle biopsies and drainages
5. Detect abnormalities in soft tissues, muscles, and joints
6. Assess thyroid gland, breast lumps, and scrotal swellings

Types of Ultrasound:

1. Abdominal ultrasound
2. Pelvic ultrasound
3. Transvaginal ultrasound
4. Doppler ultrasound
5. Musculoskeletal ultrasound
6. Breast ultrasound

Side Effects:

Ultrasounds are generally safe and have no known side effects. Slight pressure may be felt during the procedure due to the transducer application.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Is ultrasound safe?

Ans - Yes, ultrasound uses sound waves and does not involve radiation. It is completely safe and non-invasive. .

2. Do I need to fast before an ultrasound?

Ans - It depends. For abdominal ultrasounds, fasting for 6–8 hours is usually required. For pelvic or pregnancy scans, a full bladder may be needed.

3. Will the scan hurt?

Ans - No, but you may feel slight pressure from the probe on your skin.

4. How long does it take?

Ans - Most scans take about 15 to 30 minutes.